除塵器冒煙(yan)和冒灰現像(xiang)屬于(yu)嚴重損(sun)壞現象,應立(li)即停機檢修,我們介紹(shao)一下冒灰和冒煙(yan)原因和處理辦(ban)法(fa)。
原因(yin):布袋(dai)(dai)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器出(chu)風口(kou)的(de)“冒(mao)煙(yan)塵(chen)”情況有兩種(zhong),一種(zhong)是連續“冒(mao)煙(yan)塵(chen)”,即(ji)由于除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)濾(lv)袋(dai)(dai)破(po)損嚴重(zhong),濾(lv)袋(dai)(dai)綁扎不牢脫(tuo)落,或(huo)者布袋(dai)(dai)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器上下吊(diao)口(kou)不嚴密(mi),上吊(diao)口(kou)與花板(ban)(ban)、花板(ban)(ban)與花板(ban)(ban)之間(jian)的(de)連接不嚴密(mi)而造(zao)成(cheng)的(de)漏塵(chen)。另(ling)一種(zhong)是瞬間(jian)“冒(mao)煙(yan)塵(chen)”,此種(zhong)情況是除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)濾(lv)袋(dai)(dai)雖(sui)破(po)損,但(dan)不甚(shen)嚴重(zhong),在布袋(dai)(dai)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器噴(pen)吹時出(chu)現瞬間(jian)“冒(mao)煙(yan)塵(chen)”。
因(yin)為當大(da)部分除(chu)塵濾袋(dai)損壞時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),應(ying)進行全部更(geng)換(huan),更(geng)換(huan)除(chu)塵布(bu)袋(dai)好(hao)在除(chu)塵器停止工(gong)作時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進行,此時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)將清灰控制器關閉(bi),打(da)開頂部的(de)人孔門,便可拆卸布(bu)袋(dai),拆卸時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),先將袋(dai)籠取出(chu),然后將布(bu)袋(dai)上(shang)口(kou)的(de)彈(dan)簧圈捏成凹形,向(xiang)上(shang)拉(la)出(chu)除(chu)塵布(bu)袋(dai),安裝(zhuang)新布(bu)袋(dai)前,應(ying)將花板(ban)孔上(shang)的(de)粉塵清理干凈。
查找(zhao)布(bu)(bu)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)“冒煙塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)”的(de)原因(yin)(yin)時(shi)(shi),可根據出(chu)(chu)風(feng)口“冒煙塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)”時(shi)(shi)與(yu)電磁(ci)脈(mo)(mo)沖閥(fa),脈(mo)(mo)沖控制儀動作時(shi)(shi)所(suo)對應(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)位(wei)數來判斷是(shi)哪排除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濾(lv)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)漏(lou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)。上(shang)揭蓋布(bu)(bu)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)亦可用手電筒從(cong)上(shang)箱體觀察(cha)孔查出(chu)(chu)漏(lou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)濾(lv)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai);或打(da)開上(shang)揭蓋后再(zai)開脈(mo)(mo)沖控制儀,在噴吹(chui)過程中發現(xian)從(cong)哪個文氏管“冒煙塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)”,就是(shi)那個除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濾(lv)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)漏(lou)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)。然后,根據出(chu)(chu)現(xian)的(de)問題進(jin)行處理(li)。因(yin)(yin)為當(dang)大部(bu)分除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濾(lv)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)損壞時(shi)(shi),應(ying)(ying)(ying)進(jin)行全部(bu)更換(huan),更換(huan)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)布(bu)(bu)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)在除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)停止(zhi)工(gong)作時(shi)(shi)進(jin)行,此時(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)將(jiang)清灰控制器(qi)關閉,打(da)開頂部(bu)的(de)人孔門,便(bian)可拆卸布(bu)(bu)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai),拆卸時(shi)(shi),先將(jiang)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)籠取出(chu)(chu),然后將(jiang)布(bu)(bu)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)上(shang)口的(de)彈(dan)簧圈捏成凹形,向上(shang)拉出(chu)(chu)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)布(bu)(bu)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai),安(an)裝(zhuang)新(xin)布(bu)(bu)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)前(qian),應(ying)(ying)(ying)將(jiang)花(hua)板(ban)孔上(shang)的(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)清理(li)干凈。
布(bu)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)更換除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)時(shi),要檢查分析其破(po)損(sun)(sun)原因。影響除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)壽命(ming)的(de)(de)(de)因素有(you)(you)粉(fen)塵(chen)的(de)(de)(de)性質,氣流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)分布(bu),除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)骨(gu)架的(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)質量等。如(ru)因濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)框(kuang)架焊(han)接(jie)不(bu)牢,在(zai)(zai)程使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)過(guo)程中(zhong)開焊(han),將(jiang)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)剌破(po),應(ying)及時(shi)焊(han)好(hao),并將(jiang)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)骨(gu)架毛刺焊(han)渣(zha)磨平(ping)打光,或換新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)骨(gu)架。濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)骨(gu)架通(tong)常是(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)直(zhi)徑4毫米的(de)(de)(de)鋼絲焊(han)接(jie)而成的(de)(de)(de)。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)焊(han)接(jie)方(fang)法有(you)(you)兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),一種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)點焊(han)機(ji)點焊(han),另一種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)氧-乙(yi)炔焊(han)接(jie)。采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)前(qian)一種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)法,生(sheng)產(chan)效(xiao)率(lv)高,表面(mian)光滑,不(bu)易(yi)產(chan)生(sheng)毛刺,變形(xing)小(xiao)。除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)不(bu)能使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)破(po)損(sun)(sun)的(de)(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)布(bu)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)進行(xing)工(gong)(gong)作,否則會加速除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)報廢。當個(ge)別除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)布(bu)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)發生(sheng)小(xiao)面(mian)積破(po)損(sun)(sun)時(shi),為了(le)節省開支,建議可(ke)(ke)(ke)以用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)舊(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)布(bu)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)或同樣材料(liao)新(xin)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)布(bu)將(jiang)破(po)洞補上使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),補洞方(fang)法是(shi)(shi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)有(you)(you)機(ji)硅橡膠混合料(liao)進行(xing)粘(zhan)(zhan)接(jie),只要粘(zhan)(zhan)接(jie)劑的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)溫度(du)、化學性能與工(gong)(gong)藝狀(zhuang)況相適(shi)應(ying)便可(ke)(ke)(ke)。采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)后一種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)法,生(sheng)產(chan)效(xiao)率(lv)低,表面(mian)粗(cu)糙(cao),易(yi)變形(xing)。此外,還有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)塑料(liao)框(kuang)架,但這種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)框(kuang)架不(bu)適(shi)于高溫下使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。在(zai)(zai)噴吹過(guo)程中(zhong),由于濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)每清掃一次,將(jiang)與除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)框(kuang)架外表面(mian)摩擦一次,因此除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)到一定時(shi)間(jian)后,雖未損(sun)(sun)壞,但其內表面(mian)與除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)框(kuang)架接(jie)觸部位(wei)已(yi)有(you)(you)磨損(sun)(sun),再裝時(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)根據磨損(sun)(sun)痕跡將(jiang)原來的(de)(de)(de)部位(wei)錯開,以避免在(zai)(zai)原處(chu)繼續磨損(sun)(sun),這樣可(ke)(ke)(ke)延長除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)。
安裝(zhuang)布袋除(chu)塵(chen)器濾袋骨架時(shi),對上揭蓋脈沖除(chu)塵(chen)器要(yao)注意(yi)把多孔(kong)板上的(de)積灰清除(chu)干凈,以防接口與多孔(kong)板間不嚴密造成(cheng)漏氣,影響(xiang)凈化效率(lv);噴吹管孔(kong)要(yao)對準(zhun)文(wen)氏管中心,以保(bao)證(zheng)噴吹效果。對側開(kai)門(men)除(chu)塵(chen)器要(yao)注意(yi)上下吊口松緊得(de)當,以防下吊口脫(tuo)落(luo)和擰壞螺紋。
除(chu)塵(chen)布袋拆(chai)卸安裝時要(yao)注意(yi)不(bu)要(yao)與布袋除(chu)塵(chen)器金屬棱角碰撞,以(yi)防(fang)暗(an)傷。
布袋除塵(chen)器冒煙塵(chen)的原(yuan)因重點所在:
所以說一般情況下,布袋除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器在使(shi)用(yong)中突然出現(xian)冒煙塵(chen)的(de)(de)現(xian)象(xiang),我們(men)要(yao)及(ji)時停(ting)止除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器的(de)(de)運行(xing)(xing),馬(ma)上進行(xing)(xing)停(ting)機檢修。冒煙塵(chen)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)原因(yin)之一就是破袋引起(qi)的(de)(de)。除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)濾(lv)袋是逐漸(jian)磨損(sun)的(de)(de),引起(qi)磨損(sun)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)原因(yin)是粉塵(chen)的(de)(de)磨削(xue)力,高溫引起(qi)的(de)(de)布袋變質(zhi)和化學物(wu)質(zhi)的(de)(de)腐蝕,當粉塵(chen)的(de)(de)磨削(xue)力很強時,除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)布袋底部磨損(sun)嚴重(zhong),系統容量的(de)(de)增加引起(qi)過濾(lv)速度增高也能(neng)加速磨損(sun)。